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Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Less commonly, autosomal recessive inheritance. X linked or other non autosomal dominant mechanisms. Complex or multifactorial genetic architecture. The inheritance pattern affects the appropriate scope…

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): Definition, Types, Diagnostics & Treatment

…in an autosomal dominant manner with variable penetrance and expressivity. Autosomal recessive, X linked recessive, and mitochondrial forms occur, albeit less frequently (McNally et al)…

Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography

…the most commonly used modality in echocardiography. The two dimensions presented are width (x axis) and depth (y axis). The standard ultrasound transducer for 2D…

Pediatric aspects of ECG leads & anatomy

…adults, the x axis represents time (the paper speed is typically 25 mm/s or 50 mm/s) and the y axis represents amplitude (millivolts…

Physics of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET): Radiotracers, perfusion, blood flow and viability

…radiotracers emit positrons. When a positron collides with an electron, they annihilate each other, producing two gamma photons emitted in opposite directions. PET scanners detect…

🟠 ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Bleeding Risk Score

…8% Interpretation of ATRIA risk score. Comparison with other bleeding risk models Several bleeding risk assessment tools exist for patients with AF, including HAS BLED…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…pressures approaching intrapericardial pressure. The jugular venous waveform typically has a prominent x descent and an absent or markedly reduced y descent. The clinical impact…

Antibiotic dosing in renal impairment: quick reference

…intravenous) Loading dose by weight, maintenance dose by renal function and drug concentration Gentamicin and other aminoglycosides A single dose initially. If treatment is continued…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…of ischemia (but the sensitivity is low). U wave changes always accompany other ischemic ST T changes. They may occur in both NSTEMI and STEMI…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…Akutsjukvård Lathundar Key messages Two things set the COPD exacerbation apart from many other causes of acute dyspnoea: oxygen must be titrated cautiously and the…

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