…for reentry involving the node and diagnostic for arrhythmias that do not — atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia are unmasked when the ventricular response is slowed…

…Pure inotropy when the problem is the pump and not vascular tone. Strong β₁ effect with marked β₂ effect means that stroke volume increases while…

…in the loop of Henle. The dose–response relationship is a threshold curve, not a line: below the threshold nothing happens, and in renal failure…

…The only drug that reverses all components of anaphylaxis, and the cornerstone of cardiac arrest treatment. The most clinically dangerous property is not pharmacological but…

…goal of titrating upward until serum urate is stably below 360 μmol/l — not setting a fixed dose and leaving it. Treatment is lifelong…

…Orifarm Tricyclic antidepressant A tricyclic antidepressant that is rarely used for depression in contemporary practice — its role today is neuropathic pain and prophylaxis for migraine…

…Aminopenicillin that covers Haemophilus influenzae in addition to pneumococci — and it is that difference from phenoxymethylpenicillin that determines its use. Amoxicillin is therefore not first…

…approximately one third as much elemental calcium per ml as calcium chloride, and that confusion is the most common dosing error in acute calcium treatment.

…The critical difference from clemastine and promethazine is that cetirizine penetrates the blood-brain barrier poorly, but it is not entirely free of sedation: a…

…depression and generalised anxiety disorder. What governs dosing is not efficacy but the heart: a dose-dependent QT prolongation was identified, and the maximum dose…

…statin dose. The first step when the statin is maximised and the LDL target is still not reached — a fixed dose of 10 mg, no…

…Absorption is destroyed by food, making the timing of administration a genuine treatment variable and not a formality. The most clinically important adverse effect is…

…hypoglycaemia in a patient who cannot swallow and in whom intravenous access is available. The effect arrives within a minute but is also short-lived…

…effect. The result is that heart rate rises while systemic vascular resistance and diastolic blood pressure fall, so the drug raises rate but not pressure…

…not Haemophilus influenzae or staphylococci. Dosing differs substantially between indications — tonsillitis and acute otitis media are treated with different doses and durations, and this is…

…because extracellular potassium is only two per cent of the body's total potassium store — the plasma value indicates the starting point, not the magnitude…

…glucocorticoid with long duration Betapred is a distinctive formulation: the soluble tablet allows a child with croup or a patient with an allergic reaction to…

…V2 receptor means it lacks the vasoconstrictive effect of vasopressin. The danger is not the drug itself but the fluid the patient drinks with it.

Lantus Abasaglar Toujeo Semglee Long-acting basal insulin The basal insulin that covers the basal insulin requirement between meals and overnight, with a largely flat…