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Blood gas interpretation: quick reference for acid-base disorders

…in the same order every time. Skipping a step is a common reason why mixed acid base disorders are missed. The blood gas describes the…

Cardiovascular Risk in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disease

…systemic sclerosis, myositis, mixed connective tissue disease, Sjögren syndrome, SLE and APS. Some patient groups have a two to three fold greater prevalence of asymptomatic…

Ivabradine: Indications, Dosing and Heart-Rate Targets

…sinoatrial node pacemaker cells. This current is a mixed inward Na⁺/K⁺ current activated by hyperpolarisation and contributes to spontaneous diastolic depolarisation. By inhibiting the…

Liver parameters

…biliary cholangitis, drugs Mixed Both raised Drug induced liver injury is the commonest cause Isolated bilirubin Unconjugated, the others normal Gilbert's syndrome, haemolysis The…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…Contact the centre early in serious, unusual or unclear poisoning, with modified release preparations, mixed poisoning, pregnancy, children, a need for an antidote or dialysis…

🟠 Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity

…most major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) severe ARISTADA ARIPIPRAZOLE LAUROXIL aripiprazole lauroxil Mixed wp less hypotension/ tachycardia mild Signifor LAR PASIREOTIDE PASIREOTIDE Arrhythmia wp most…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or a prior heart attack and a high risk of…

Vasovagal Syncope: Diagnosis, Tilt Testing and Treatment

…paradoxical vasodilation with hypotension occur, often accompanied by bradycardia. Most cases involve a mixed response of both hypotension and bradycardia. However, some patients exhibit a…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…use drugs only in severe agitation or marked distress. Delirium is an acute neuropsychiatric syndrome and a clinical diagnosis, often described as acute brain failure…

Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state: quick reference

…mmol/L Stupor or coma may occur Mixed picture of DKA and HHS Overlap is common. Treat as mixed DKA and HHS if the patient…

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