…a third or fourth heart sound is rarely heard due to restrictive pathophysiology and impaired ventricular relaxation [10]. There is also an increased risk of…

…ventricular function, myocardial stunning, and sudden cardiac death. It may also be associated with early death after cardiac transplantation. Myocardial bridging is not itself an…

…less likely in an older patient with non classical features. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has a substantially more diverse genetic basis. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants…

…Cutaneous or tendon xanthomas before age 10 years are an important clue to HoFH, especially when both parents have untreated LDL C levels compatible with…

…condition has been recognized for decades, and it has been regarded as a benign form of ST segment elevation with slurring or notching at the…

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Eletrical alternans: an ECG sign of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade The pericardial space (cavity) always contains a small amount…

…to that seen in patients with STEMI. Moreover, the pain in acute pericarditis may also, as in STEMI, radiate to the neck, shoulders or back…

…performed. Note that troponins may be elevated but the elevation is typically discrete and not on a par with the degree of left ventricular impairment…

…as women, and men also display the highest risk of experiencing malign ventricular arrhythmias. Brugada syndrome is hereditary with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, meaning…

…Genetic and miscellaneous conditions The early repolarization pattern and syndrome: from ECG criteria to management Although the early repolarization pattern has been recognized for almost…

…of the ST segment. A male patient (Figure 1) presented at age 36 years with an ECG showing deep and persistent, concave upward ST segment…

…disease or hypoxia, chronic thromboembolic obstruction, or a range of miscellaneous conditions. Because several mechanisms may coexist, diagnosis and classification must integrate haemodynamics with the…

…et al. (2003): Recommendations for evaluation of the severity of native valvular regurgitation with two dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. In Journal of the American Society…