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Cardiac amyloidosis

…trajectories and extracardiac manifestations differ significantly. AL Amyloidosis: Associated with more rapid progression of heart failure and a worse prognosis compared to ATTR [6]. Untreated…

Coronary Anomalies and Myocardial Bridging

…sudden cardiac death. It may also be associated with early death after cardiac transplantation. Myocardial bridging is not itself an atherosclerotic lesion, but it may…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…phenotype later and require delayed or individualized assessment. Disease specific genetic architecture HCM is predominantly associated with variants affecting sarcomeric proteins, particularly MYH7 and MYBPC3…

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…250–300 people and is the most common inherited metabolic disorder associated with premature cardiovascular disease. Prevalence is higher in populations with a founder effect…

ECG J wave syndromes: hypothermia, early repolarization, hypercalcemia & Brugada syndrome

…moreover, this condition is associated with five times as great a risk of sudden cardiac death. The prefix “benign” must therefore not be used. The…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…may even be compressed during diastole. This causes adverse hemodynamic effects, and the condition is classified as cardiac tamponade. The classical signs of cardiac tamponade…

Pericarditis, myocarditis & perimyocarditis: ECG, criteria & treatment

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Pericarditis, myocarditis and perimyocarditis: ECG changes and clinical features The pericardium is a double walled sac in which the heart…

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome, stress induced cardiomyopathy)

…performed. Note that troponins may be elevated but the elevation is typically discrete and not on a par with the degree of left ventricular impairment…

Brugada syndrome: ECG, clinical features and management

…necessary to develop the disorder. Till now (2016) more than 12 genetic mutations have been associated with the Brugada syndrome. These mutations are located in…

Early repolarization pattern on ECG (early repolarization syndrome)

…2008 by Haïssaguerre et al it was reported that early repolarization was associated with 3–5 times as great a risk of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation…

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