…Hallpike and, if needed, the supine roll test. Spontaneous attacks without a clear trigger: consider vestibular migraine, Ménière's disease, TIA and arrhythmia, among others…

…ischaemia. A minority of patients have clinical evidence of systemic vasospasm, particularly migraine or Raynaud phenomenon. The history should define: Whether attacks occur at rest…

…ampicillin 3 g × 4 IV plus 3 g × 4 IV 7–21 days depending on the pathogen or meropenem 2 g × 3 IV Erythema migrans…

…simple fatty streak to a complex fibroatheroma. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) migrate from the tunica media into the intima, driven by platelet derived growth factor…