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Articles
Sepsis and septic shock: quick reference for the first hour

…must be given within three hours. The evidence for an absolute one hour requirement is clearest in septic shock and less certain in sepsis without…

🟠 Nitroprusside

…dose: 3 μg/kg/minute. Maximum dose (10 μg/kg/minute) should never be used for mor than 10 minutes. Administer sodium thiosulfate …

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection

…when marked hormonal changes occur. Hypertension and oestrogen exposure. Emotional or chronic mental stress. Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), which may produce arterial wall abnormalities and intramural…

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: quick reference

…intestinal transit. Coffee ground vomiting is less specific than fresh haematemesis and can also be seen when the bleeding is slow or has stopped. The…

Acquired QT Prolongation and Drug-Induced Arrhythmia

…with new onset bradycardia or a high degree of heart block. In patients with severe mental illness (SMI) receiving antipsychotic therapy, sinus tachycardia is common…

Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…altered mental status rather than prominent breathlessness. Hemodynamic phenotypes Initial assessment should distinguish congestion from hypoperfusion. This distinction provides a practical framework for selecting treatment…

Indications and contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging

…obstructive cardiomyopathy with severe resting gradient Recent stroke or transient ischemic attack Mental impairment with limited ability to cooperate Resting hypertension with systolic or diastolic…

Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents: Evolution, Evidence and Stent Choice

…shorter DAPT regimens are used. BMS now account for less than 10% of contemporary PCI procedures according to the source material. First generation DES The…

In-Stent Restenosis: Mechanisms and Treatment

…frequent cause of PCI failure, despite its substantially lower incidence with drug eluting stents (DES) than with bare metal stents (BMS). Clinical ISR is generally…

Physics of ultrasound

…e.g air, water, metal, or tissue and fluids in the human body. Sound waves arise when a sound source generates mechanical vibrations in the…

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