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Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

…Perform an ECG in hyperkalaemia or where a rapid rise in potassium is suspected. 7. Review all medication, including over the counter preparations, herbal remedies…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…treatment protocols that are available where you practise. Initial management of all poisonings ABCDE Step Assessment and action : : A Assess the airway, the pharyngeal reflexes…

ACE Inhibitor Cough and Angioedema: Practical Management

…Definition and Pathophysiology Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are foundational therapies in cardiovascular medicine, widely utilized for the management of hypertension, chronic ischemic heart disease…

Sinus bradycardia: definitions, ECG, causes and management

…causes & management Definition of sinus bradycardia Sinus bradycardia fulfills the criteria for sinus rhythm but the heart rate is slower than 50 beats per minute…

Massive haemorrhage and transfusion: quick reference

Akutsjukvård Kirurgi & trauma Lathundar Immediate management In massive haemorrhage it is rapid control of the bleeding that determines the outcome. Transfusion restores circulating volume, oxygen…

Blood Pressure Targets in Older and Frail Adults

…living, treatment goals should be individualized and discontinuation of medication may become appropriate. Frailty is potentially reversible. Management should therefore include consideration of treatable contributors…

ACE Inhibitors: Initiation, Titration and Creatinine Monitoring

Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and Pathophysiology Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) constitute a cornerstone in the management of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and chronic…

Hypertension: Initial Combination Therapy and Drug Selection

…In adults with elevated blood pressure, nonpharmacological management should be actively implemented. Adults with blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg should receive both lifestyle and antihypertensive…

Refractory Angina: Options When Standard Therapy Fails

…The underlying endotype must first be defined, because management depends on the mechanism responsible for symptoms and ischaemia. The increasing prevalence of refractory angina reflects…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…therapy when indicated Oral treatment and prompt follow up Main risk of management Overtreatment may impair autoregulation and cause ischemia Acute rapid reduction may cause…

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