…have congenital heart defects, and half of them have moderate or complicated defects; the remaining third have mild defects ( Baumgartner et al ). Approximately 40,000…

…cysts and tumors of the pericardium, as well as congenital malformations leading to an incomplete or absent pericardium. In case of suspicion of pericardial disease…

…anomaly is characterized by the following malformations: The septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve adhere to the ventricular myocardium (failure of embryological delamination)…

…the most common of which are rheumatic heart disease, congenital malformations, radiation complications, metastases, myxoma, cardiac thrombi, etc (Table 1). Most causes of mitral stenosis…