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ACE Inhibitor Cough and Angioedema: Practical Management

…of patients. It manifests as localized, transient swelling of the subcutaneous or submucosal tissues, most frequently involving the face, lips, tongue, and upper airway. Due…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…symptoms are absent [1,4]. Typical warning symptoms are: hoarseness, stridor, swelling of the tongue or throat dyspnoea, hypoxia, bronchospasm or severe cough hypotension, collapse…

Cardiac tumors

…atrial septum). In 15 20% of cases, the tumor is localized in the right atrium. Myxoma is rare in the valves and ventricles. Myxoma, generally…

Pulmonary stenosis

…of the RVOT (right ventricular outflow tract). Carcinoid heart disease : Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome that occurs due to carcinomas secreting kallikrein and serotonin…

Acute Aortic Syndromes: Intramural Haematoma and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

…plaque that penetrates through the internal elastic lamina into the media. The lesion may produce a localized medial haematoma and can progress to IMH, pseudoaneurysm…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…typically pleuritic and tends to worsen when the patient lies flat or moves [2], [5]. Localization: While often retrosternal, the pain may be localized to…

Post-Infarction Pericarditis and Dressler Syndrome

…In patients with pericarditis complicated by constriction, symptoms and signs of right sided heart failure may predominate. Pericardial effusions associated with post infarction pericarditis are…

First-degree AV block (AV block I, AV block 1)

…complex (QRS duration <0.12 s) is localized in the AV node in 90% of the cases and the bundle of His in 10% of…

Right ventricular strain: definition, causes, echocardiography

…It is localized immediately behind the sternum and thus is the most anteriorly located part of the heart. The right ventricle has a complicated anatomy…

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome, stress induced cardiomyopathy)

…severe chest pain, dyspnea and occasionally hemodynamic compromise. The ECG shows localized ST segment elevations, T wave inversions and occasionally pathological Q waves. Troponin levels…

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