…Cardiac tumors are rare. They can occur anywhere in the heart or surrounding tissue. Tumors can be localized in the myocardium, pericardium, perivalvular (adjacent to…

…depending on the underlying etiology. Pulmonary stenosis can be valvular (i.e stenosis localized in the valve), subvalvular (stenosis proximal to the valve) or supravalvular…

…plaque that penetrates through the internal elastic lamina into the media. The lesion may produce a localized medial haematoma and can progress to IMH, pseudoaneurysm…

…cardiovascular cause [4]. 2. Aortic Dissection Pain Characteristics: The classic symptom is a severe, often sharp pain that characteristically radiates to the back [5]. 3…

…At pathological examination, Dressler syndrome is generally characterized by localized fibrinous pericarditis containing polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Important distinction from subacute cardiac rupture A post AMI pericardial…

…require intervention. In most cases, the conduction delay is localized to the atrioventricular node. ECG examples of first degree atrioventricular block (AV block 1). Click…

…ventricle in the thorax. It is localized immediately behind the sternum and thus is the most anteriorly located part of the heart. The right ventricle…

…ECG changes in takotsubo cardiomyopathy The typical patient presents with severe chest pain, dyspnea and occasionally hemodynamic compromise. The ECG shows localized ST segment elevations…

…Angioedema Angioedema secondary to ACE inhibitor therapy occurs in approximately 1% of patients. It manifests as localized, transient swelling of the subcutaneous or submucosal tissues…

…by eruptive, dense nodular calcifications that break through the intimal layer, provoking localized thrombosis. This is predominantly observed in older patients with heavily calcified, tortuous…

…effusion. Regarding the location, an effusion may be general (circumferential) or localized to a specific area. The effusion itself may consist of serous fluid (transudate)…

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction Using the ECG to localize myocardial infarction and the coronary occlusion Determining the localization of myocardial infarction and ischemia, as…

…and pathological Q waves occur in the same leads, which is why pathological Q waves can be used to localize the infarct area. Figure 1…

…adrenaline never replace intramuscular adrenaline [1,2]. Delayed administration of adrenaline is associated with more severe and more protracted reactions, biphasic courses and fatal outcome…