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Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…2], [5]. Localization: While often retrosternal, the pain may be localized to the left anterior chest and can radiate to the neck, shoulders, and arms…

ECG localization of myocardial infarction / ischemia and coronary artery occlusion (culprit)

…The right coronary artery ( RCA ) originates on the right aspect of the aortic bulb. The left main coronary artery ( LMCA ) originates from the left anterior…

Right ventricular strain: definition, causes, echocardiography

…It is localized immediately behind the sternum and thus is the most anteriorly located part of the heart. The right ventricle has a complicated anatomy…

Cardiac tumors

…localized in the left atrium (most of them originate from the atrial septum). In 15 20% of cases, the tumor is localized in the right…

Pulmonary stenosis

…depending on the underlying etiology. Pulmonary stenosis can be valvular (i.e stenosis localized in the valve), subvalvular (stenosis proximal to the valve) or supravalvular…

Acute Aortic Syndromes: Intramural Haematoma and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

…plaque that penetrates through the internal elastic lamina into the media. The lesion may produce a localized medial haematoma and can progress to IMH, pseudoaneurysm…

Post-Infarction Pericarditis and Dressler Syndrome

…At pathological examination, Dressler syndrome is generally characterized by localized fibrinous pericarditis containing polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Important distinction from subacute cardiac rupture A post AMI pericardial…

First-degree AV block (AV block I, AV block 1)

…require intervention. In most cases, the conduction delay is localized to the atrioventricular node. ECG examples of first degree atrioventricular block (AV block 1). Click…

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome, stress induced cardiomyopathy)

…severe chest pain, dyspnea and occasionally hemodynamic compromise. The ECG shows localized ST segment elevations, T wave inversions and occasionally pathological Q waves. Troponin levels…

ACE Inhibitor Cough and Angioedema: Practical Management

…Angioedema Angioedema secondary to ACE inhibitor therapy occurs in approximately 1% of patients. It manifests as localized, transient swelling of the subcutaneous or submucosal tissues…

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