…to limit ordinary activities and substantially impair quality of life. The clinical impact should be assessed in terms of: Symptom frequency and duration. Functional limitation…

…severity of symptoms should be described by their effect on walking distance, daily activities, work and independence. Exercise testing can quantify both the time to…

…Where functional impairment is accompanied by inability to perform activities of daily living, treatment goals should be individualized and discontinuation of medication may become appropriate…

…limitation of infarct size. The extent of myocardial injury is strongly influenced by total ischaemic time. This interval includes: The time from symptom onset to…

…substantial proportion of patients with acute coronary occlusion (ACO) who present without diagnostic ST elevation, often resulting in delayed treatment. In response to these limitations…

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) refers to atherosclerotic narrowing of the left main coronary artery, which supplies…

…before starting treatment. Clinical assessment History that affects the level of risk Ask briefly and to the point: When did the deterioration begin, suddenly or…

…94–1.0. The physiological basis of FFR is that, during maximal vasodilation, distal coronary pressure is proportional to maximum achievable myocardial perfusion. A pressure…

…not produce physiologically significant flow limitation. The mechanisms are incompletely defined. Proposed contributors include hypercontractility or hypersensitivity of coronary vascular smooth muscle to vasoconstrictor stimuli…

…the patient has persistent or progressive disease suggestive of an advanced phenotype. Particular attention should be paid to potentially reversible causes and associated cardiovascular conditions…