…of exercise capacity. These parameters offer diagnostic and prognostic information which can only be obtained during physical exercise. Independent of other traditional risk factors, exercise…

…physical activity, but an atherosclerotic plaque may prevent oxygen supply from increasing in parallel with oxygen demands. Depending on several factors– including the severity of…

…This evaluation should include a detailed history, thorough questioning of eyewitnesses, and a complete physical and neurologic examination. Blood pressure and heart rate should be…

…the l isomer is responsible for virtually all of the beta blocking activity. Sotalol does not block alpha adrenoceptors and lacks sodium channel blocking activity…

…comprehensive understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology and electrocardiology. Unfortunately, numerous books and online resources fall into the trap of oversimplification. Physicians, nurses, paramedics and physician assistants…

…review on this topic [1]. References [1] G Heusch. Myocardial Ischemia: Lack of Coronary Blood Flow or Myocardial Oxygen Supply/Demand Imbalance? Circ Res. 2016…

…observed to lack a pupillary reflex upon their initial presentation. An absent pupillary reflex upon presentation was associated with a threefold increased risk of an…

…of adverse outcomes. Non acute or asymptomatic bradycardia Non acute bradycardia is a common finding in both healthy and diseased individuals. Asymptomatic bradycardia may lack…

…specifically with an absence of sounds on the affected side. Ultrasonography can reveal pneumothorax (highlighted by a lack of lung tissue) and its impact on…

…Warfarin has a narrow therapeutic index, a half life of several days and more than a hundred clinically relevant interactions. What determines whether the treatment…