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Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…of cardiac arrest and light reactivity is lost when cerebral blood flow ceases. In other words, during prolonged cardiac arrest without effective perfusion, one expects…

Cardiac arrest due to pneumothorax

…cardiac arrest. In: Paradis NA, Halperin HR, Kern KB, Wenzel V, Chamberlain DA, editors. Cardiac arrest—the science and practice of resuscitation medicine. Kitamura T…

Myocardial ischemia and infarction: lack of oxygen or imbalance between supply/demand

…antithrombotic medications and reperfusion. Refer to G Heusch's excellent review on this topic [1]. References [1] G Heusch. Myocardial Ischemia: Lack of Coronary Blood…

Management of bradycardia (bradyarrhythmia)

…finding in both healthy and diseased individuals. Asymptomatic bradycardia may lack prognostic significance or be physiological, particularly in athletes and young individuals. The severity of…

Regional Myocardial Contractile Function: Wall Motion Abnormalities

…imbalance vs. lack of supply In clinical practice, ischemia is often described as a consequence of an imbalance between oxygen demand and supply. According to…

Vasovagal Syncope: Diagnosis, Tilt Testing and Treatment

…a lack of effective reflex response to posture, venous pooling, or external stimuli. The underlying pathophysiology is rooted in autonomic dysregulation within a structurally normal…

Warfarin therapy

…Recent intracranial haemorrhage without a fresh assessment of benefit and risk. An inability to attend for sampling and follow up — relative, but in practice decisive…

Digoxin - ECG changes, arrhythmias, conduction defects & treatment

…and in selected cases of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Due to its profound pro arrhythmic effects and lack of compelling data regarding morbidity and mortality benefits…

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR)

…equipped centers and is generally reserved for meticulously selected cases. Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) encompasses several extracorporeal systems designed to assist in cases of cardiac…

🟠 SYNTAX Score

…76). Lack of Clinical Variables : The original SYNTAX Score focuses solely on anatomical factors, ignoring clinical variables such as age, diabetes, and renal function, which…

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