…refer to Introduction to AV Blocks). The term block is somewhat imprecise in the context of first degree AV block, as it does not represent…

…resistance in the pulmonary artery is high), whereas resistance in the systemic circulation (and thus the aorta) is relatively low. Figure 2. The fetal circulation…

…resistance in the pulmonary artery is high), whereas resistance in the systemic circulation (and thus the aorta) is relatively low. Figure 2. The fetal circulation…

…dysfunction in the conduction system. The J point and the ST segment The ST segment corresponds to the plateau phase (phase 2) of the action

…is often ambiguous. Since the risk of attempting CPR is extremely low and the potentially catastrophic consequences of wrongfully withholding an attempt, CPR is often…

…ACC) discourage the use of exercise stress testing for the evaluation of coronary artery disease, which is due to the low sensitivity of the method …

ECG Introduction to ECG interpretation QT duration and corrected QT (QTc) duration ECG interpretation always includes an assessment of the QT interval (QT duration). The…

…and the cell depolarizes. At –40 mV voltage gated calcium (Ca 2+ ) channels open so that calcium flows into the cell and causes depolarization. Subsequently…

Cardiology Clinical medicine Introduction Cardiovascular disease becomes increasingly prevalent with advancing age, while its clinical expression and management become progressively more complex. Older adults, often…

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Introduction Drug eluting stents (DES) are the predominant device used during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). They evolved from balloon angioplasty and…