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Sotalol: Initiation, QT Monitoring and Renal Dosing

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and Pathophysiology Sotalol is a nonselective beta adrenoceptor blocker devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity that also prolongs cardiac repolarization…

Isoprenaline and Dopamine Infusions for Bradycardia

…atrioventricular node (AVN), or the His Purkinje system. The underlying pathophysiology varies widely and may involve intrinsic cardiac disease, extrinsic systemic conditions, or pharmacologic effects…

Coronary CT Angiography and CAD-RADS Reporting

…15 seconds, with submillimetre spatial resolution. Iodinated contrast is generally required for coronary angiography because the intrinsic contrast between the cardiac chambers, blood pool, and…

Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…Failure to pace. Figure 2. Failure to sense. Atrial pacing occurs after the intrinsic P wave. Figure 3. Failure to capture. The pacemaker paces in…

Basic cardiac pacing, pacemaker functions and settings

…at low and high heart rate, the behavior of the pacemaker in the presence and absence of intrinsic cardiac activity, Modern pacemakers are packed with…

Interpretation of Pacemaker ECG

…Pacing activity may be visible or invisible, depending on e.g the type of pacemaker, intrinsic cardiac activity, etc. The cardinal manifestation of pacing on…

Introduction to Cardiac Pacing and Devices: Pacemaker, ICD, CRT

…To coordinate these two tasks, the heart has an intrinsic pacemaker–i.e. the sinus node–and an electrical conduction system composed of specialized myocardial…

Sinoatrial arrest & sinoatrial pause (sinus pause / arrest)

…possess automaticity and thus pacemaker function. The intrinsic rate of depolarization in these cells is 60 beats per minute. The resulting P wave is morphologically…

Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

…EMI causes oversensing and pacing inhibition, a patient who has little or no reliable intrinsic rhythm may develop prolonged pauses. Pacing dependent patients therefore require…

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)

…predominance. Women have a substantially higher lifetime risk of developing HFpEF, a phenomenon attributed to intrinsic sex differences in cardiovascular aging, including smaller ventricular cavities…

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