…or anatomical defects in the components of the intraventricular conduction system. Because the conduction system is crucial for rapid and synchronized activation of the ventricles…

…4:704–710. Eschalier R et al. Heart Rhythm. 2015 May;12(5):1071 9. Nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay: Definitions, prognosis, and implications for cardiac…

…more difficult, which explains why individuals with bundle branch blocks are treated sub optimally (in terms of evidence based medications and use of PCI), as…

…50 beats per minute in the first 4 to 6 hours after an acute infarction—patients may develop hypotension and signs of end organ hypoperfusion…

…originates in the atria it will pass through the bundle of His and therefore produce a normal QRS complex (provided that intraventricular conduction is normal)…

…intraventricular conduction is normal). If the P wave is visible, it is retrograde in lead II (because of the reversed direction of atrial activation) and…

…atrial fibrillation) if the block in the AV node is high grade. Causes of tachyarrhythmia with narrow QRS complexes (QRS duration < 0.12 s…

…high suspicion of intermittent infrahisian block should be maintained, particularly in older patients and those exhibiting a bundle branch block (BBB) or an intraventricular conduction…

…the chamber and this leads to dilatation. The most common cause is valvular regurgitation (insufficiency). For example, aortic regurgitation causes the flow of blood from…

…impulse reaches the atrioventricular node when there are two pathways, one being refractory and the other capable of conducting the impulse, re entry may arise…

…complete heart block (third degree AV block) the block may be located anywhere between the atrioventricular node and the bifurcation of the bundle of His…

…reduced intraventricular pressure and thereby reduced myoardial load. Pulmonary embolism causes increased right ventricular load, which results in increased oxygen demand and dilatation of the…

…the valve (ΔP) from right intraventricular pressure. The systolic PA pressure is an indicator of cardiac hemodynamic status and may be estimated with echocardiography…

…rhythm should resume and bradycardia should resolve with the onset of physical activity. Profound sinus bradycardia (<30 beats/min or sinus pauses ≥3 s) would…

…termed pulsus paradoxus. Tamponade is therefore characterized haemodynamically by elevation and near equalization of diastolic pressures in the cardiac chambers, with chamber pressures approaching intrapericardial…

…the T wave in lead aVL will be inverted and in some cases lead I will display a monophasic R wave instead of qR complex…

…from the transducer; this affects the lateral resolution as explained in Figure 3. Figure 3. Axial and lateral resolution of the ultrasound image. Axial resolution…

…Assessment should integrate the history, physical examination, laboratory data and diagnostic testing. Examination for congestion Useful bedside indicators of persistent or improving congestion include: J

…with temporary mechanical circulatory support (MCS) considered as a bridge. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Symptoms of STEMI The usual symptom is severe, prolonged ischemic discomfort…

…The second vector: the ventricular (interventricular) septum The ventricular septum receives Purkinje fibers from the left bundle branch and therefore depolarization proceeds from its left…

…by the RCA (and otherwise the LCx). Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) The LAD supplies the anterior two thirds of the interventricular septum (this…