…arrest due to asphyxia, the probability of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is high but survival is very low, as is the proportion surviving with…

…using a needle due to reduced risk of injury. Thoracostomy should be performed promptly following needle decompression. Thoracostomy with drainage typically serves as a stabilizing…

…Oral doses sufficient to control arrhythmias do not depress left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), even in patients with reduced LVEF. However, due to its antiadrenergic…

…at a rate of 0.1°C/min during the cooling process. Malignant hyperthermia Malignant hyperthermia may manifest under two primary circumstances: Due to a genetic…

…That study spread like a virus through social media and it is likely that it may have resulted in increased mortality due to stopping statins…

…with acute coronary syndromes is permeated by the mantra time is myocardium, which refers to the progressive loss of myocytes following the occlusion of a…

…disease 2019 (COVID 19) has caused a global public health crisis. It is believed that the virus was transmitted from bats to humans in Wuhan…

…and age related changes in left ventricular filling contribute to susceptibility. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is regarded as a multifactorial systemic illness involving

…is also fundamental to global cardiac function. Diastolic dysfunction results in a special type of heart failure, referred to as heart failure with preserved ejection…

…accuracy when applied to healthy populations or those with acute kidney injury. Influence of Muscle Mass and Diet: Serum creatinine levels, a key component of…

…is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary secondary prevention intervention for patients with cardiovascular disease, including those recovering from myocardial infarction. It extends beyond exercise training to incorporate…

…in women than in men. Smoking, obesity and psychosocial factors are associated with a greater cardiovascular impact in women. Obesity, physical inactivity and depression are…

…products and sweets. An umbrella review incorporating observational studies and randomized trials reported associations between greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet and lower risks of

…Virtual histology IVUS has also been used to identify thin cap fibroatheroma, a plaque phenotype associated with subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events in observational studies…

…results. Patients with suspected ACS are categorized into a STEMI pathway or an NSTE ACS pathway according to the initial ECG and clinical presentation. For…

…delay to the next sinus beat (the RR interval is increased after a premature ventricular complex). This yields more time to fill the ventricles with…

…streak [5] . Ruptured atherosclerotic lesion with atherotrombosis. Over decades, the lesion progresses from a simple fatty streak to a complex fibroatheroma. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs…

…operating theatre. Careful electrocardiographic and haemodynamic monitoring with ECG, a central venous catheter and an arterial line is necessary to achieve an optimal result. Overview…

…typically present with symptoms related to high ventricular rates and the loss of the atrial kick. The rapid ventricular response can lead to a reversible…

…Pharmacology & dosing Definition and pathophysiology Heart failure is a clinical syndrome in which the heart cannot provide blood flow commensurate with the body’s requirements…

…syndrome Exercise ECG may be used in selected patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome when the result is expected to influence diagnostic strategy or management…

…stenosis to mean aortic pressure: FFR = Pd/Pa during maximal hyperaemia More precisely, FFR compares the pressure driving flow distal to a stenosis with…

…with a confirmed indication for treatment but blood pressure in the range of 120–139/70–89 mmHg, concomitant indications and overall cardiovascular risk influence…

…Because NT proBNP is not a neprilysin substrate, it remains more closely related to the clinical state during treatment with an angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor…

…cirrhosis are associated with increased postoperative mortality and should influence the choice between PCI and CABG. Physical examination findings are not specific to left main…

…high Lp(a); individuals with cardiovascular disease that is not explained by major conventional risk factors; patients at moderate risk or close to a treatment…

…mass. Waist circumference and the waist to hip ratio provide additional information about visceral adiposity and may correlate more closely with outcomes than BMI, particularly…

…a life threatening condition characterized by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and hypoperfusion manifesting as hypotension. The high mortality associated with…