Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Intravascular imaging comprises catheter based techniques that directly visualize the coronary lumen, vessel wall, plaque, thrombus, and implanted…

Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Clinical Purpose Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET…

Echocardiography Ultrasound artifacts The following artifacts are common in ultrasound imaging: The ultrasound image displays non existing structures. The ultrasound image does not display existing…

…Quantification of blood flow using PET Quantitative PET perfusion imaging offers precise measurements of myocardial blood flow in milliliters per minute per gram of tissue…

…flow. These imaging modalities are highly sensitive and specific in evaluating perfusion and also play a role in determining the viability of compromised myocardial tissue…

…rocking and angling. Tilt : The transducer maintains the same axis orientation to the heart but moves to a different imaging plane. Rotate : The transducer maintains…

Echocardiography Tissue Doppler (Tissue Velocity Imaging) Previous chapters on Doppler imaging have all focused on measurements of blood flow. However, the Doppler effect can also…

…CAD. Risk stratification : Myocardial perfusion imaging is valuable for assessing the risk of future cardiac events in patients with known CAD or after myocardial infarction…

…and cardiac imaging Cardiovascular imaging modalities have developed rapidly in the past few decades. The repertoire of available methods includes echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR…

…medications such as nitrates, beta blockers, or calcium channel blockers Recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Pharmacologic agents in perfusion imaging Vasodilators (adenosine, dipyridamole, regadenoson) These…