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Atrial and ventricular enlargement: hypertrophy and dilatation on ECG

…left ventricular enlargement, right ventricular enlargement and atrial enlargement. Below follows a discussion on the principles and differences of dilatation and hypertrophy, as well as…

Biventricular hypertrophy ECG and clinical characteristics

…1. ECG changes seen in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). The electrical vector of the left ventricle is enhanced in LVH…

Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH): ECG criteria & clinical characteristics

…in right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) Figure 1. ECG changes seen in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). The electrical vector of the…

ECG in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH): criteria and implications

…those in V5 and V6. Figure 1. ECG changes in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). The electrical vector of the left…

The electrical axis of the heart (heart axis): ECG & physiology

…and II. Heart axis deviation: right axis deviation (RAD) and left axis deviation (LAD) Causes of right axis deviation Normal in newborns. Right ventricular hypertrophy…

The electrical axis of the heart (ECG axis)

…QRS complex. Axis deviation: right axis deviation (RAD) and left axis deviation (LAD) Causes of right axis deviation Normal in newborns. Right ventricular hypertrophy. Acute…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…with or without left ventricular hypertrophy. Among patients with NSTE ACS undergoing angiography, approximately 10% have no critical epicardial stenosis. In some of these patients…

The Bernoulli principle and estimation of pressure gradients

…the right ventricle and the right atrium is 36 mmHg. Disadvantages of the Bernoulli equation The Bernoulli equation is highly dependent on the precision of…

Left atrial enlargement (P mitrale) & right atrial enlargement (P pulmonale) on ECG

…in lead II and lead V1 (Figure 1, second and third panel). P pulmonale: right atrial enlargement (hypertrophy, dilatation) Enlargement of the right atrium is…

Echocardiography in cardiomyopathies: an overview

…pronounced hypertrophy of the myocardium. It may also lead to obstruction of the LVOT (Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy, HOCM). Dilated cardiomyopathy (Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM) . Arrhythmogenic Right…

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