…does not rule out hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Epidemiological aspects of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is equally common among men and women. The prevalence in a…

…thromboembolic disorders. Most recognised heritable cardiovascular conditions demonstrate autosomal dominant transmission, in which an affected heterozygous individual has a 50% risk of transmitting the relevant…

…results in thickening of the leaflets and may coexist with mitral stenosis. Idiopathic degeneration (Barlow's disease), degeneration associated with connective tissue disorders (Marfan syndrome…

…electrolyte disorders , congenital heart disease and catecholamine induced ventricular tachycardia . The vast majority of patients with ventricular tachycardia either have coronary artery disease (ischemic heart…

…cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic or dilated), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, Brugada syndrome, early repolarization. Electrolyte disorders, acidosis, hypoxemia and ischemia all aggravate the risk of developing ventricular…

…are tall and narrow at the top. Refer to Figure 1 . Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy may instead display normalization of secondary T wave inversions…

…protein misfolding disorder characterized by the extracellular deposition of misfolded fibrillar proteins in the myocardium, leading to a diffuse infiltrative cardiomyopathy [8, 15]. The deposited…

…with later cardiovascular risk include: Premature menopause Premature ovarian insufficiency Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Preeclampsia Preterm delivery Gestational diabetes Small for gestational age delivery Placental…

…Reliance on hypokalaemia alone therefore misses a substantial proportion of cases. The cardiorenal and cerebrovascular consequences of unrecognized PA make early case detection clinically important…

…vasomotor disorders. Endothelial activation can promote the release of adhesion molecules, inflammatory cytokines, and vasoconstricting mediators, producing abnormal vascular responses and potentially increasing the future…