…pregnancy [1,2]. Malignant hypertension is not entirely synonymous with a hypertensive emergency. The term denotes severe hypertension with advanced hypertensive retinopathy, usually retinal haemorrhages…

…crisis [1,2]. A hypertensive emergency means a markedly raised blood pressure together with ongoing or new organ damage in which immediate, controlled blood pressure…

…signs of acute organ damage or failure. Any of the drugs listed below may be used to treat hypertensive emergencies. The desired time to action…

…or other vascular beds. Malignant hypertension represents an extreme form in which acute microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the…

…signs of acute organ damage or failure. Any of the drugs listed below may be used to treat hypertensive emergencies. The desired time to action…

…obesity. Gestational hypertension is defined in the supplied guideline material as blood pressure 140/90 mmHg on two separate occasions after 20 weeks of gestation…

Enalaprilat Enalaprilat is rarely used in hypertensive crisis due to its slow onset, prolonged duration of effect, and significant individual variations in its effect. Drug…

Hydralazine Hydralazine is not preferred for hypertensive emergencies due to the high risk of reflex sympathetic stimulation. Drug Hydralazine Brand names Apresoline ®, Bidil ®…

…nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose…

…Bronchospasm. Caution • Avoided in hypertensive emergencies with left ventricular failure (due to negative inotropic effect). • Used cautiously in patients with asthma (due to risk of…