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ECG changes caused by antiarrhythmic drugs, beta blockers & calcium channel blockers

…QT (QTc) interval May be prolonged. Arrhythmia Flecainide may induce Brugada syndrome in individuals with underlying genetic susceptibility. If ECG changes consistent with Brugada syndrome…

ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and ECG Criteria

…interact to initiate and extend thrombosis. Plaque vulnerability is influenced by inflammation, plaque morphology and location, comorbidities, environmental factors and genetic background. Thrombotic susceptibility is…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…visits for heart failure without disease recognition in the 3 years preceding diagnosis is also a notable red flag [8]. Furthermore, intolerance to beta blockers…

Coronary Anomalies and Myocardial Bridging

…cause local coronary injury over time. Atherosclerotic disease appears more likely to develop in the arterial segment proximal to the bridge, particularly in older adults…

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…artery disease (CAD). FH results from pathogenic variants affecting proteins in the hepatic LDL receptor pathway. Reduced cellular uptake and clearance of LDL leads to…

ECG J wave syndromes: hypothermia, early repolarization, hypercalcemia & Brugada syndrome

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions J wave syndromes: early repolarization pattern, Brugada syndrome, hypercalcemia and hypothermia The J wave – also referred to as Osborn's…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Eletrical alternans: an ECG sign of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade The pericardial space (cavity) always contains a small amount…

Pericarditis, myocarditis & perimyocarditis: ECG, criteria & treatment

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Pericarditis, myocarditis and perimyocarditis: ECG changes and clinical features The pericardium is a double walled sac in which the heart…

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome, stress induced cardiomyopathy)

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome, apical ballooning syndrome, stress induced cardiomyopathy) Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome) is a rather peculiar…

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