…hypothermia, and hyperkalemia. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms The clinical manifestation of bradycardia depends on the adequacy of cardiac output. Isolated sinus bradycardia that is unaccompanied…

…is associated with a greater likelihood of cure. When to investigate General indications Patients with suggestive signs, symptoms, or medical histories should undergo appropriate screening…

Cardiology Definition and terminology Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms and signs resulting from structural or functional impairment of ventricular…

…healthy and diseased individuals. Asymptomatic bradycardia may lack prognostic significance or be physiological, particularly in athletes and young individuals. The severity of symptoms and presence…

…vulnerability and the risk of future plaque rupture. Anatomical severity versus functional significance The physiological effect of a coronary lesion depends on more than its…

…is too often discovered first at hospital admission due to its complications (stroke, thromboembolism, heart failure, dyspnea). Most individuals, however, do experience symptoms and th

…dimensions and often lower ejection fraction, as compared with non athletes. This is explained by the fact that the athlete's heart produces significantly larger…

…CCS. General strategy For most patients, initial therapy consists of a beta blocker and/or a calcium channel blocker (CCB). If symptoms remain inadequately controlled…

…than to replace the default 12 month regimen in the general ACS population. Clinical context and patient selection Acute coronary syndrome ACS includes ST segment…

…TIA) or stroke. The risk associated with asymptomatic disease depends substantially on stenosis severity and plaque characteristics. In the general population, the prevalence of asymptomatic…