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Long QT (QTc) interval, long QT syndrome (LQTS) & torsades de pointes

…long QT syndrome (LQTS) & ventricular arrhythmias (torsade de pointes) due to prolonged QT interval The QT interval is the time interval from the beginning of…

Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…diseases: effusion and tamponade A long series of conditions can affect the pericardium (pericardium). The most common of these are acute pericarditis (perimyocarditis), constrictive pericarditis…

Constrictive pericarditis: definition, causes, diagnosis & echocardiography

…pericardium and surgical interventions are the most common causes of constrictive pericarditis. Of these three, idiopathic pericarditis is the most common cause of constrictive pericarditis…

Early repolarization on ECG: when guidelines confuse ECG criteria

…similar. Unfortunately, these ECGs do not show any sign of early repolarization. Note that this paper has been cited almost 500 times since publication. It…

Tricuspid stenosis

…severity. Tricuspid stenosis is visually characterized by thickened leaflets, with reduced motion and potentially fused commisures. Continuous Doppler is used to assess the stenosis. Doppler…

Atrial flutter: classification, causes, ECG criteria and management

…many other countries, a 2:1 block will be difficult to discern because the flutter wave may fuse with the preceding T wave. Increasing the…

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