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Hypertensive crisis: drugs and doses

…cerebral hypoperfusion. Pain, anxiety, urinary retention, hypoxia, drug withdrawal and incorrect blood pressure measurement must be corrected before treatment is intensified [1,2]. The evidence…

Targeted temperature management after cardiac arrest

…outcome TTM2 (2021) 33 °C versus normothermia with active fever prevention (intervention at ≥ 37.8 °C) No difference in 6 month mortality or functional outcome…

Chronic Kidney Disease as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor

…pathophysiology Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by abnormalities of renal structure or function that persist for more than 3 months and have health implications…

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

…kidney injury, AKI, is a syndrome of rapidly deteriorating renal function. Management is governed not by the creatinine value alone but by the course, urine…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…frail older patient an apparently small insult — sleep deprivation, urinary retention or a new sedative drug, for example — may be enough to precipitate the condition…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…whatever the DS CRB65 score. Urinary tract Diagnosis Agent Dose Duration : : : : Afebrile UTI, women nitrofurantoin 50 mg × 3 5 days or pivmecillinam 400 mg × 2…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…and rapidly lower systolic pressure. Renal and microvascular complications Renal involvement may manifest as deterioration in renal function and urinary abnormalities. Malignant hypertension may cause…

Edrophonium test

…EMG about 95 %). Contraindications Known hypersensitivity to edrophonium. Mechanical obstruction of the bowel or the urinary tract. Marked bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome or high grade…

Antibiotic dosing in renal impairment: quick reference

…40 mL/min for lower urinary tract infection. At an eGFR <30 mL/min the antibacterial effect is lost. Dosed independently of renal function Doxycycline…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…CRP, creatinine, electrolytes, liver function tests, glucose and lactate. Add a blood gas, coagulation tests and other investigations according to the clinical picture 5 Take…

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