…Collectively, they affect approximately 5–15% of pregnancies worldwide and are major contributors to maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Their incidence has increased…

…prosthesis — warfarin is mandatory, and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are contraindicated. Antiphospholipid syndrome, particularly triple positive disease or after an arterial event, where DOACs have…

…against greater resistance, as compared with the left ventricle. Understanding this requires knowledge of the fetal circulation, which is illustrated in Figure 2 . The fetus…

…the defibrillation threshold, though it typically does not slow ventricular tachycardia (VT) rates. It may also be effective in fetal, pediatric patients, and young adults…

…unsuccessful resuscitation within a 4 minute window, an emergent cesarean section should be considered to optimize fetal outcomes. The gestational age should ideally exceed 20…

…against greater resistance, as compared with the left ventricle. Understanding this requires knowledge of the fetal circulation, which is illustrated in Figure 2 . The fetus…

…abnormal single risk factors or genetic, rare lipid, or BP disorders Pregnancy Established ASCVD includes previous acute coronary syndrome, chronic coronary syndromes, coronary revascularization, stroke…

…500 cases of fatal myocardial infarction were examined. The authors reported that 60–70% of all cases had no myocardial disease or acute coronary syndrome…

…2]. Delayed administration of adrenaline is associated with more severe and more protracted reactions, biphasic courses and fatal outcome. At the same time, serious adverse…

…to cyanide. Cyanid toxicity may be fatal (should be suspected if patient develops altered mental status and lactic acidosis). Fatal outcomes are rare. Renal failure…

…established ASCVD, its potential reduction in non fatal myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke must be weighed against clinically important gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding. Evidence in…

…particularly fatal infections, and because of cost. Evidence in acute coronary syndromes and recent myocardial infarction COLCOT The COLCOT trial enrolled 4745 patients within 30…

…When treatment delay is similar, PPCI reduces mortality, non fatal reinfarction, and stroke compared with fibrinolysis. It is also more effective at opening the occluded…

…body's capacity for heat elimination. Hyperthermia can induce an inflammatory state similar to the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). Body temperatures surpassing 40°C (104°F…

…as well as to embolization in the systemic circulation. The complications can be fatal. Approximately 500 Swedes are affected annually by endocarditis and the median…

…indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or a prior heart attack and a high risk of…

…involving patients with previous vascular disease, aspirin reduced the combined incidence of non fatal MI, non fatal ischaemic stroke, and vascular death from 8.2…

…LDL C or non HDL C, particularly in patients with metabolic syndrome or elevated triglycerides despite normal or low LDL C. HDL cholesterol (HDL C…

…acute coronary atherothrombosis. Type 3 myocardial infarction: presumed fatal myocardial infarction in which death occurs before biomarkers can be obtained or become abnormal, in the…

ECG Left main coronary artery occlusion Left main coronary artery (LMCA) occlusion is a rare but catastrophic manifestation of acute coronary syndromes. The LMCA supplies…

ECG Myocardial ischemia and infarction Non ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes (NSTE ACS): Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and Unstable Angina (UA) The focus…

…time are critical parameters for determining the probability of survival. No flow longer than 6 8 minutes is mostly fatal. Basic Life Support (BLS) : CPR…

…tachycardia almost invariably have significant underlying heart disease. The most common causes are coronary heart disease (acute coronary syndromes or ischemic heart disease), heart failure …