…in cardiomyopathy families may reach 70–90% by age 70 years. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), expression may occur more rapidly during childhood and early adulthood…

Cardiology Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Definition and pathophysiology Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an inherited disorder characterized by persistently elevated plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL…

…familial (autosomal dominant) cardiac syndrome. The underlying genetic abnormality is yet to be discovered. Diagnosis of this syndrome is based on ECG, family history and…

Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and pharmacological rationale Bempedoic acid is an oral, small molecule lipid lowering agent used to reduce low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL…

…familial hypercholesterolaemia, established CVD, moderate or severe CKD, or HMOD. Variables incorporated into SCORE2 and SCORE2 OP The models include conventional cardiovascular risk factors: Age…

…heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia or ASCVD who require further LDL C lowering. It should be considered within a stepwise, target based lipid lowering strategy: Dietary and…

…the rationale for therapeutic inhibition. Gain of function PCSK9 mutations are associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and premature coronary heart disease, whereas loss of function…

…ectopic aldosterone production Familial forms include familial hyperaldosteronism type 1, formerly termed glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism, and other familial forms associated with adrenal adenoma or bilateral…

…thyrotoxicosis, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, Addison's disease, renal failure, tamoxifen, lithium, thiazide diuretics, D vitamin and calcium overdose. ECG changes due to hypercalcemia Common ECG…

…three main questions discussed in media, blogs and on social plattforms: Is high cholesterol a true cause of coronary artery disease? Does diet affect cholesterol…