Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and pathophysiology Congestion is a central expression of the heart failure syndrome and reflects excessive retention of sodium and water, with…

…Definition and pathophysiology Obesity is a chronic, relapsing and biologically complex disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue. It is an important cause of…

…Catapress TTS 3 (0.3 mg/24hrs) Dosage in renal failure and renal replacement therapy: Dose as in normal renal function Adverse effects Excessive sedation…

…occurred in 10–15% during the first year. The dominant mechanism was excessive intimal hyperplasia within the stent. Restenosis was more likely with: Small reference…

…Recognised causes include: Diabetes and insulin resistance Thyroid disease Kidney disease Excessive alcohol consumption Diets high in carbohydrate or fat Glucocorticoids Beta blockers Oestrogen therapy…

…PR interval, while leaving the QRS duration largely unchanged. Continuous ECG monitoring is mandated during hospital initiation to detect excessive QT prolongation, proarrhythmia, and severe…

…rupture with tamponade, and less common causes such as severe pre existing valvular disease or excessive beta blocker or calcium channel blocker exposure. The incidence…

…must not be given uncontrolled simply because the patient feels breathless. Excessive oxygen delivery can raise pCO₂. The main mechanisms are impaired ventilation–perfusion matching…

…L pH < 7.00 or bicarbonate < 10 mmol/L Stupor or coma may occur Mixed picture of DKA and HHS Overlap is common…

…present). High voltage (excessive amplitudes) is present if the S wave in V1 or V2 + the R wave in V5 is 35 mm. Q waves…