…multiple arterial territories. The arterial wall is biologically active. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells normally regulate vascular tone, preserve an antithrombotic surface, and control the…

…effects beyond LDL C reduction, including modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial function, plaque stability, thrombogenic responses and immune activity. Statin intolerance refers to adverse…

…Arterial and venous thrombosis Valvular heart disease Cardiac dysrhythmias Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction The increased cardiovascular burden is particularly important because it may occur…

…such as cholesterol. Dietary composition may influence blood pressure, glucose–insulin homeostasis, lipids and apolipoproteins, endothelial function, systemic inflammation, liver fat synthesis, adiposity, thrombosis and…

…triglycerides. The benefit of statins extends beyond angiographic reduction of coronary obstruction. Intensive lipid lowering improves endothelial function, lowers circulating high sensitivity C reactive protein…

…vasculature, heart and kidneys. Advanced glycation end products activate inflammatory and profibrotic signalling through their receptor. Endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular stiffness, impaired coronary circulation, vascular…

…Stent implantation Manipulation of friable SVG lesions Embolic debris obstructs the distal microcirculation and may be accompanied by microvascular constriction and endothelial or myocardial injury…

…major target—where MR activation promotes sodium transport—MRs are also present in cardiac myocytes, vascular smooth muscle, endothelial cells, macrophages, neurons and other tissues…

…In ANOCA/INOCA, coronary atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and distinct coronary functional abnormalities may produce ischaemia without an obstructive epicardial lesion. Once conventional anti ischaemic targets…

…as no reflow, structural and functional impairments sustain vascular obstruction. Endothelial dysfunction triggers leukocyte and platelet activation, while thrombotic debris may worsen the obstruction. Furthermore…