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Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Causes, Work-up and Management

…include: Plaque rupture or plaque erosion with thrombosis, despite the absence of an angiographically obstructive lesion Coronary embolism or thrombus Epicardial coronary vasospasm Coronary microvascular…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…over 40 years of age, atherosclerosis is the predominant cause. Other mechanisms include thrombosis, embolism, vasculitis, fibromuscular dysplasia, arterial entrapment, cystic adventitial disease and trauma…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…thrombosis and the diagnostic criteria used for type 1 myocardial infarction are fulfilled. The temporal relationship to stent implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and Electrocardiographic Criteria

…evidence of peripheral embolism, or an unexplained drop in arterial pressure. Silent or unrecognized infarction occurs more often in patients without antecedent angina and in…

Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…refill and venous filling Pulses proximal and distal to the suspected obstruction Arterial and venous Doppler signals Evidence of systemic disease or a potential embolic…

Left Ventricular Thrombus After Myocardial Infarction

…on the vascular territory involved and may include systemic arterial embolic manifestations. The source material does not provide a detailed catalogue of specific embolic syndromes…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…red thrombus. The size and persistence of the thrombus depend not only on plaque composition but also on circulating thrombotic and fibrinolytic factors. Plaque erosion…

Pulmonary embolism: quick reference for risk stratification and treatment

…cancer associated thrombosis. Warfarin in antiphospholipid syndrome and in marked renal failure. Duration of treatment: at least 3 months. Extended treatment in unprovoked pulmonary embolism…

Indications and contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging

…failure Acute pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, or deep vein thrombosis Acute myocarditis or pericarditis Acute aortic dissection Physical disability that precludes safe and adequate testing…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque through rupture or erosion. The relative contributions of plaque disease and thrombus vary considerably. Thrombotic material may embolize distally and…

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