…or renal disease The possibility of a secondary cause The medical and medication histories should specifically assess drugs or substances that may increase blood pressure…

…or detection of prescribed drugs in blood or urine. The terms “controlled resistant hypertension,” referring to blood pressure controlled with four or more medications, and …

…disorder characterized by persistently elevated plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) from early life and a consequent excess risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease…

…dyslipidaemia, elevated blood pressure and impaired glucose regulation. Diagnosis is based on the coexistence of defined clinical and laboratory components; the diagnostic criteria themselves are…

…Any of the drugs listed below may be used to treat hypertensive emergencies. The desired time to action, contraindications and risk of adverse effects should…

…requirements unless filling pressures are elevated. Consequently, congestion may occur across the full range of left ventricular ejection fraction and may result from systolic dysfunction…

…to tissue requirements unless filling pressures are elevated. The syndrome is therefore defined by symptoms and signs of congestion or impaired cardiac performance rather than…

…at the expense of pathologically elevated filling pressures. Epidemiology and risk factors HFpEF has reached epidemic proportions, now accounting for over 50% of all incident…

…cardiovascular societies, defines HF as a clinical syndrome corroborated by elevated natriuretic peptide levels and/or objective evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion [3] . Within…

…Any of the drugs listed below may be used to treat hypertensive emergencies. The desired time to action, contraindications and risk of adverse effects should…