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Cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)

…et al also report a significant association between troponin T levels and C reactive protein (CRP) and N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide (NT…

Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Clinical Significance

…homocysteine, white blood cell count, proinflammatory cytokines and C reactive protein. Increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio reflects altered endothelial and renal pathophysiology in insulin resistance…

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

…greatest incremental value occurs when triglycerides are elevated, LDL C is very low, or cardiometabolic abnormalities make LDL C an incomplete representation of atherogenic burden…

Hypertension: Initial Combination Therapy and Drug Selection

…In adults with elevated blood pressure, nonpharmacological management should be actively implemented. Adults with blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg should receive both lifestyle and antihypertensive…

Risk Factor Modification: The Evidence Base for Primary Prevention

…the whole community through healthier environmental defaults, whereas individual level prevention focuses more intensively on people with elevated risk. These approaches are not alternatives: both…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…is a rise and/or fall in cTn values. An elevated cTn alone does not establish MI, because myocardial injury may occur without myocardial ischaemia…

Atrial Fibrillation in the Critically Ill Patient

…and inadequate coronary flow relative to myocardial oxygen demand. Consequently, an elevated cardiac troponin concentration and new ST segment depression in new onset AF should…

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…occurs before age 45 years. Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia HoFH typically presents with: Extensive cutaneous and tendon xanthomas. Markedly elevated LDL C. Very premature, progressive ASCVD…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…but pharmacological LDL C lowering is required when cardiovascular risk is sufficiently high or when LDL C is markedly elevated. Non HDL C and apoB…

Cardiac troponin I (TnI) and T (TnT): Interpretation and evaluation in acute coronary syndromes

…cardiac specific but the cTnT assays also detect proteins released from skeletal muscle. Consequently, skeletal muscle damage or inflammation may result in elevated cTnT levels…

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