…a chronic, progressive, and highly dynamic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall. It is characterized by the subendothelial accumulation of apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins, macrophage…

…pulmonic) stenosis Pulmonary stenosis is virtually always a consequence of congenital heart disease. The stenosis can be fixed or dynamic, depending on the underlying etiology…

…faced with suspected sepsis in adults: rapid recognition, microbiological sampling, empirical intravenous antibiotics, fluid, a vasopressor and early source control. Sepsis is a dynamic condition…

…debris, modern vascular biology has redefined atherosclerosis as a dynamic, immune mediated fibroproliferative response to endothelial injury [2] . The process initiates with endothelial dysfunction, a…

…by bronchospasm, mucosal oedema and mucus plugging. Expiratory flow limitation causes air trapping and dynamic hyperinflation. The consequences are increased work of breathing, exhaustion and…

…patients with advanced renal failure, marked heart failure or circulatory shock require a specific protocol and early specialist involvement. DKA and HHS are dynamic conditions…

…or vascular tone can significantly impact MAP, reflecting the dynamic interplay between cardiac function and vascular resistance. Advantages of measuring MAP over systolic blood pressure…

…prolonged angina at rest, usually lasting more than 20 minutes; new severe angina; an accelerating pattern with increasing frequency, duration, or severity; a lower threshold…

…is dynamic and may improve or worsen with illness, treatment, or other interventions. Frailty commonly overlaps with multimorbidity and is frequent in patients with cardiovascular…

…50%. A patient with persistently mildly reduced systolic function. This dynamic nature makes prior imaging particularly important when interpreting a current LVEF of 41–49%…

…of ischaemia represents acute myocardial injury rather than MI. Persistent elevation without a significant dynamic change is consistent with chronic myocardial injury. Non ischaemic conditions…

…of persistent ST segment elevation. This does not imply low risk: patients with NSTE ACS may have substantial myocardial ischaemia, dynamic ECG abnormalities, myocardial necrosis…

…process is dynamic, with varying degrees of occlusion that may provide a window of opportunity for reperfusion. In addition, some patients present with severe LMCA…

…to reflect the dynamic nature of myocardial remodeling. The designation "Heart Failure with improved Ejection Fraction" (HFimpEF) is now applied to patients with a baseline…

…continuous ECG (ST) monitoring in order to detect such dynamics. ST segment elevations with concave ST segment Concave ST segment elevations pose a diagnostic challenge…

…solve this, there is a built in function, called dynamic focusing , which calculates which ultrasound waves that originate from the same reflection point. Reflected ultrasound…

…Dynamic measures are better: a pulse pressure variation 13% in a ventilated patient in sinus rhythm without spontaneous breathing, passive leg raising with an increase…

…of acute myocardial infarction. acute heart failure recurrent dynamic ST segment or T wave changes, particularly with intermittent ST segment elevation. I C Angiography within…

…segment depression. These ST segment changes are stable over time (as compared with Brugada syndrome and LQTS, which both exhibit highly dynamic ECG changes). Related…

…as well as related biomechanical and fluid dynamic factors. Increased thickness and length, and a more proximal vessel location, are associated with greater clinical risk…

…the past century. Initial post mortem observations in the late 19th century first linked thrombotic occlusion of a coronary artery with myocardial necrosis. Although early…

…Exercise Intensity Intensity may be prescribed using several complementary approaches. Heart rate based methods For patients with cardiovascular disease, dynamic aerobic exercise may be prescrib

…several possibilities: Extension of the original infarction or reinfarction Acute native vessel thrombosis Stent thrombosis Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction Pericarditis Dynamic recurrence of ST…

…of dynamic LV function, valve disease, pulmonary pressure, or haemodynamics Stress imaging is not recommended in patients undergoing urgent non cardiac surgery or those with…

…recordings Acute coronary syndromes are dynamic processes. Factors that promote thrombosis ( pro thrombogenic factors ) are constantly in a struggle with factors striving to lysate the…

…hallmark of stable coronary artery disease is exercise related angina pectoris (chest pain); symptoms of ischemia appear during circumstances with increased myocardial demand, typically exercise…

…hallmark of stable coronary artery disease is exercise related angina pectoris (chest pain); symptoms of ischemia appear during circumstances with increased myocardial demand, typically exercise…

…by a continuously changing QRS morphology and axis, indicating a dynamic sequence of ventricular activation. PMVT is frequently associated with acute myocardial ischemia, electrolyte derangements…

Echocardiography Calculation of hemodynamic parameters by ultrasound Hemodynamics is the study of blood flow dynamics. The physical laws that govern blood flow are fundamental in…