…selective alpha-blocker with onset within minutes and duration under half an hour. A niche drug: catecholamine-induced hypertensive crisis — phaeochromocytoma, cocaine and amphetamine intoxication…

Jardiance Synjardy Glyxambi SGLT2 inhibitor A diabetes drug now used mostly for reasons other than glucose control. Empagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death in type 2 diabetes…

Adrenalin Stragen EpiPen Jext α- and β-agonist The only drug that reverses all components of anaphylaxis, and the cornerstone of cardiac arrest treatment. The…

Norvasc Amlodipin Sandoz Amlodipine Teva Long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker A cornerstone drug for hypertension and stable angina, and the easiest calcium channel blocker…

Procoralan Ivabradine Accord Selective If-channel inhibitor in the sinus node The only drug that reduces heart rate without affecting contractility, blood pressure, or conduction…

Zyloric Allopurinol Sandoz Xanthine oxidase inhibitor First-line urate-lowering treatment for gout, with the goal of titrating upward until serum urate is stably below…

…nothing happens, which is the entire explanation for why the drug is ineffective in infranodal block. The effect comes within one minute and fades over…

…in patients who may need emergency surgery. The price is that approximately 80 % of absorbed drug is eliminated renally, so renal function governs treatment entirely…

…in structurally normal hearts. The CAST trial showed increased mortality after myocardial infarction — that boundary remains the most important fact in the drug's history.

…and minimal anticholinergic burden. The drug has two entirely different dosing worlds: a few milligrams in acute psychotic agitation in younger patients, and tenths of…

…making the drug unsuitable as first-line treatment in hypertensive crisis — but useful in pre-eclampsia and as afterload relief in combination with a nitrate…

…quickly, which is an advantage: the drug suits as-needed use and can be discontinued with rapid recovery of renal function and platelet function. The…

…while systemic vascular resistance and diastolic blood pressure fall, so the drug raises rate but not pressure. Used where rate itself is the problem: bradycardia…

…antidepressant that is rarely used for depression in contemporary practice — its role today is neuropathic pain and prophylaxis for migraine and chronic tension-type headache…

…maintenance-and-reliever therapy in the same inhaler. The two regimens must never be confused — this is the most common prescribing error with this drug.

…heparin, dalteparin is eliminated renally, so at eGFR below 30 ml/min the effect accumulates and the dose must be adjusted or the drug changed.

…in chronic kidney disease with albuminuria, with or without diabetes. The dose is the same — 10 mg once daily — for all indications, making this drug…

…V2 receptor means it lacks the vasoconstrictive effect of vasopressin. The danger is not the drug itself but the fluid the patient drinks with it.

…placebo. IMPROVE-IT showed that the additional LDL lowering also translates into fewer cardiovascular events, making ezetimibe the first non-statin drug with outcome data.

GlucaGen HypoKit Glucagon Novo Nordisk Baqsimi Ogluo Pancreatic hormone, glycogenolytic agent and inotrope Two entirely different drugs in the same ampoule. In severe hypoglycaemia, 1…

…never a guarantee. The key practical distinction is between the three dose levels: analgesia, procedural sedation, and induction are different drugs in the same ampoule.