Jardiance Synjardy Glyxambi SGLT2 inhibitor A diabetes drug now used mostly for reasons other than glucose control. Empagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death in type 2 diabetes…

Adrenalin Stragen EpiPen Jext α- and β-agonist The only drug that reverses all components of anaphylaxis, and the cornerstone of cardiac arrest treatment. The…

…channel blocker to use: once-daily dosing, a half-life of almost two days, and no dose adjustment in renal impairment. Unlike verapamil and diltiazem…

Procoralan Ivabradine Accord Selective If-channel inhibitor in the sinus node The only drug that reduces heart rate without affecting contractility, blood pressure, or conduction…

…selective alpha-blocker with onset within minutes and duration under half an hour. A niche drug: catecholamine-induced hypertensive crisis — phaeochromocytoma, cocaine and amphetamine intoxication…

…gout, with the goal of titrating upward until serum urate is stably below 360 μmol/l — not setting a fixed dose and leaving it…

…why the drug is ineffective in infranodal block. The effect comes within one minute and fades over an hour or so, making it a bridge…

Pradaxa Direct thrombin inhibitor (factor IIa) The only DOAC that directly inhibits thrombin and the only one with a specific, rapidly acting antidote — idarucizumab achieves…

Tambocor Class IC antiarrhythmic A potent sodium channel blocker with marked efficacy on atrial arrhythmias in structurally normal hearts. The CAST trial showed increased mortality…

…The drug has two entirely different dosing worlds: a few milligrams in acute psychotic agitation in younger patients, and tenths of a milligram in delirium…

…making the drug unsuitable as first-line treatment in hypertensive crisis — but useful in pre-eclampsia and as afterload relief in combination with a nitrate…

…at a low dose. A short half-life of around 2 hours means the effect arrives and resolves quickly, which is an advantage: the drug…

…while systemic vascular resistance and diastolic blood pressure fall, so the drug raises rate but not pressure. Used where rate itself is the problem: bradycardia…

Saroten Amitriptylin Abcur Amitriptylin Orifarm Tricyclic antidepressant A tricyclic antidepressant that is rarely used for depression in contemporary practice — its role today is neuropathic pain…

…different ways: as a fixed dose morning and evening with a separate SABA as needed, or as maintenance-and-reliever therapy in the same inhaler…

…heparin, dalteparin is eliminated renally, so at eGFR below 30 ml/min the effect accumulates and the dose must be adjusted or the drug changed.

…with albuminuria, with or without diabetes. The dose is the same — 10 mg once daily — for all indications, making this drug unusually straightforward to manage.

…V2 agonist) The same substance is used for four entirely different indications with doses differing up to a hundredfold — antidiuretic substitution in central diabetes insipidus…

…of the statin dose. The first step when the statin is maximised and the LDL target is still not reached — a fixed dose of 10…

…and inotrope Two entirely different drugs in the same ampoule. In severe hypoglycaemia, 1 mg intramuscularly is the treatment that a family member can give…

…explanation but never a guarantee. The key practical distinction is between the three dose levels: analgesia, procedural sedation, and induction are different drugs in the…