…20 in EMPA-KIDNEY. The glucose-lowering effect diminishes as eGFR falls, but the cardiorenal effect persists — which is the entire point of the drug.

Adrenalin Stragen EpiPen Jext α- and β-agonist The only drug that reverses all components of anaphylaxis, and the cornerstone of cardiac arrest treatment. The…

…drug for hypertension and stable angina, and the easiest calcium channel blocker to use: once-daily dosing, a half-life of almost two days, and…

…blood pressure, or conduction — it inhibits the funny current (If) that drives spontaneous depolarisation of the sinus node and does nothing else. It therefore works…

…and duration under half an hour. A niche drug: catecholamine-induced hypertensive crisis — phaeochromocytoma, cocaine and amphetamine intoxication, MAO inhibitor crisis — and local treatment of…

…and the first months require flare prophylaxis because falling urate levels themselves trigger attacks. Two features make this drug dangerous: the hypersensitivity syndrome and the…

…receptors and thereby removes parasympathetic braking — if there is no such brake to remove, nothing happens, which is the entire explanation for why the drug…

…approximately 80 % of absorbed drug is eliminated renally, so renal function governs treatment entirely. Dyspepsia affects one in ten patients and is the most common…

…in structurally normal hearts. The CAST trial showed increased mortality after myocardial infarction — that boundary remains the most important fact in the drug's history.

…and minimal anticholinergic burden. The drug has two entirely different dosing worlds: a few milligrams in acute psychotic agitation in younger patients, and tenths of…

…the drug unsuitable as first-line treatment in hypertensive crisis — but useful in pre-eclampsia and as afterload relief in combination with a nitrate and…

…half-life of around 2 hours means the effect arrives and resolves quickly, which is an advantage: the drug suits as-needed use and can…

…effect. The result is that heart rate rises while systemic vascular resistance and diastolic blood pressure fall, so the drug raises rate but not pressure…

…and depends on noradrenergic and sodium-channel-mediated modulation, not on antidepressant action. What limits treatment is anticholinergic side effects, and what makes the drug…

…maintenance-and-reliever therapy in the same inhaler. The two regimens must never be confused — this is the most common prescribing error with this drug…

…heparin, dalteparin is eliminated renally, so at eGFR below 30 ml/min the effect accumulates and the dose must be adjusted or the drug changed.

…with albuminuria, with or without diabetes. The dose is the same — 10 mg once daily — for all indications, making this drug unusually straightforward to manage.

…Willebrand factor and factor VIII. Selectivity for the V2 receptor means it lacks the vasoconstrictive effect of vasopressin. The danger is not the drug itself…

…inhibitor Inhibits intestinal cholesterol uptake via NPC1L1 and reduces LDL by an additional 20–25 % on top of a statin, independently of the statin dose…

GlucaGen HypoKit Glucagon Novo Nordisk Baqsimi Ogluo Pancreatic hormone, glycogenolytic agent and inotrope Two entirely different drugs in the same ampoule. In severe hypoglycaemia, 1…

…never a guarantee. The key practical distinction is between the three dose levels: analgesia, procedural sedation, and induction are different drugs in the same ampoule.