…in left ventricular preload lead to a cascade of hemodynamic alterations which may culminate in cardiac arrest. Pulmonary embolism is causally related to deep vein…

…Rheumatic heart disease. Dilatation of the right ventricle. Dilatation of the right atrium. Pulmonary hypertension. Left to right shunt. Right ventricular dysfunction due to pressure…

…blood flow from the pulmonary vein to the left atrium is hampered. This reduces the filling of the left atrium and, accordingly, the left ventricle…

…VT]). The VF waveform is initially coarse ( i.e fibrillatory waves have large amplitudes) but as the duration of VF is prolonged, the amplitude gradually…

…patients with an initial shockable rhythm, compressions and ventilation can extend the duration of the shockable rhythm by several minutes, allowing for EMS or bystanders…

…with left ventricular dilation. This type of cardiomyopathy, referred to as tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy , can be caused by any tachyarrhythmia leading to prolonged periods of…

…may also lead to left ventricular dilation, which is referred to as ischemic cardiomyopathy (Dilated Cardiomyopathy). Ventricular dilation leads to dilation of the mitral annulus…

…and dilation. Atrial dilation causes a significantly increased risk of atrial fibrillation. The increase in left atrial pressure may also propagate backward to the pulmonary…

…results in pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary edema. Table 1. Causes of aortic regurgitation Bicuspid aortic valve Rheumatic heart disease Calcified aortic valves Idiopathic aortic dilatation …

…of fraction of left ventricular volume ejected per beat and of ventricular end diastolic and residual volumes. Experimental and clinical observations with a precordial dilution…