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Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…valve into the main pulmonary artery. Depending on the size and form of the thrombus, it will occlude the main pulmonary artery or its branches…

Factors that modify the natural course in acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

…other branches of the same coronary artery or another coronary artery, will alleviate the ischemia, improve myocardial function and increase resistance to episodes of more…

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): Definition, Types, Diagnostics & Treatment

…obstruction) of the left main coronary artery (LAD) or 2 epicardial coronary arteries (Felker et al). Left ventricular dilation entails a markedly elevated risk of…

Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy

…presumably the main cause of left ventricular dysfunction among patients with atrial fibrillation and other supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Moreover, ventricular tachyarrhythmias (including recurrent episodes of ventricular…

Assessment of diastolic function by echocardiography

…across the mitral valve using pulsed Doppler. Estimating left ventricular filling pressure via e' . Measurement of deceleration time (DT) . Diastolic function can be estimated from…

Interpretation of Pacemaker ECG

…of the P wave depends on where the atrial lead is fixed. Typically, the atrial lead is fixed next to the right atrial appendage, or…

Quiz: ECG in athletes

…lead V1 and qRS pattern in V6 with QRS duration <120 ms) D: Profound sinus bradycardia (<30 beats/min or sinus pauses ≥3 s) Explanation:…

ECG interpretation method, adults

…duration: left bundle branch block. Right bundle branch block. Non specific intraventricular conduction delay. Hyperkalaemia. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs. Tricyclic antidepressants. Phenothiazines. Ventricular beats or…

Atrial fibrillation: quick reference for emergency management

…or with an increased bleeding risk Renal thresholds: a DOAC is given at an eGFR 30 mL/min. At an eGFR of 15–30 mL…

🟠 Reference values for adult ECG

…Note that narrow complex tachyarrhythmia rarely causes circulatory compromise or collapse. Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with wide QRS complexes (QRS duration ≥0,12 s) : ventricular…

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