…coronary syndrome, acute left ventricular failure with pulmonary oedema, acute aortic syndrome, acute kidney injury, microangiopathic haemolysis, and severe pre eclampsia or eclampsia. The blood…

…consequences include left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial enlargement, and abnormalities of diastolic filling. Mitral regurgitation may develop through papillary muscle displacement, annular dilatation, or both…

…etc. ) may ultimately lead to ventricular dilation. However, the term dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) refers to idiopathic or genetic dilation of the left ventricle . Patients with…

…with left ventricular dilation. This type of cardiomyopathy, referred to as tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy , can be caused by any tachyarrhythmia leading to prolonged periods of…

…may also lead to left ventricular dilation, which is referred to as ischemic cardiomyopathy (Dilated Cardiomyopathy). Ventricular dilation leads to dilation of the mitral annulus…

…and P3 (posterior or lateral scallop). Figure 1. Anatomy of the mitral valve The leaflets are connected to the papillary muscles via chordae tendineae (Figure…

…prevent, or alleviate, the pressure increase in the left ventricle and left atrium. Chronic aortic regurgitation leads to dilatation and hypertrophy of the left ventricle…

…of both thromboembolic and hemorrhagic risks. The diagnostic prerequisite for clinical AF remains the documentation of the arrhythmia via a standard 12 lead ECG or…

…Rheumatic heart disease. Dilatation of the right ventricle. Dilatation of the right atrium. Pulmonary hypertension. Left to right shunt. Right ventricular dysfunction due to pressure…

…deep veins of the legs or pelvis. Thrombi formed in the deep veins in the legs or pelvis can detach and flow via inferior vena…