…As the area is reduced, transvalvular flow resistance increases. This results in increased left ventricular load, while simultaneously affecting systemic perfusion. Aortic stenosis is a…

…article. A rehearsal follows. Reversible causes of sinus node dysfunction Age related degenerative disease (development of fibrosis) of the sinoatrial node. Myocardial ischemia/infarction. Perimyocarditis…

…left ventricular hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, degenerative disease, hypertension, hyperkalemia, myocarditis, and amyloidosis may all cause LAFB. Prognosis of left anterior fascicular block (LAFB…

…supply from one coronary artery (Coronary arteries). Chronic myocardial ischemia may also lead to left ventricular dilation, which is referred to as ischemic cardiomyopathy (Dilated…

…by a PVC, which serves as the first beat of the polymorphic VT. Sustained episodes may eventually degenerate into ventricular fibrillation (VF). Proarrhythmia, defined as…

…cavity and affect heart valves that have some kind of damage, change or degeneration. Endocarditis with alpha streptococcus is most often subacute and can develop…

…drug addicts). Myxomatous degeneration. Rheumatic heart disease. Dilatation of the right ventricle. Dilatation of the right atrium. Pulmonary hypertension. Left to right shunt. Right ventricular…

…h. Classification of ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG showing polymorphic ventricular tachycardia degenerating into ventricular fibrillation. By Bagnall et al: BMC Medical Genetics 15 (2014): 99…

…A IMH: involves the ascending aorta. Type B IMH: involves the descending aorta distal to the left subclavian artery. Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer PAU is focal…

…venous haemodynamics. Neuromodulation of cardiac pain signalling. Experimental angiogenic or regenerative strategies. The syndrome is clinically important not only because of persistent symptoms, but also…