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The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…represent coronary atherothrombotic events in the setting of a stent thrombosis or restenosis. Type 1 myocardial infarction Definition and pathophysiology Type 1 MI results from…

Traumatic cardiac arrest

…Nonetheless, prompt interventions can reverse cardiac arrest and survivors of traumatic cardiac arrest often exhibit favorable neurological outcomes ( Rawshani et al ). Traumatic cardiac arrests typically…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…8. Document the ceiling of care and the decision on intubation early. Initial assessment Confirm that the presentation fits an exacerbation A COPD exacerbation is…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…a reduced level of consciousness, seizures, confusion, a change in behaviour, collapse or an acute neurological deficit. Hypoglycaemia can cause hemiparesis, aphasia and radiological changes…

Intensive care parameters

…therapy 20–25 mL/kg/h Net ultrafiltration < 1.75 mL/kg/h Nutrition and prophylaxis Area Guide value : : Energy 25 kcal/kg/day…

Cardiac arrest in hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia

…Clarke RC, Mertes PM, et al. Molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology of perioperative hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth 2019;123:e3849. Wallmuller…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…new confusion, tachypnoea, hypotension, rigors, abdominal pain or a rapid deterioration in general condition may be the only signs of infection. Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive…

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: quick reference

…of the bleeding clinically Signs of major or ongoing bleeding are: hypotension or a postural drop tachycardia a cold periphery and delayed capillary refill confusion…

🟠 Clonidine

…Mechanism of action Clonidine is primarily a centrally acting alpha 2 agonist. Stimulation of alpha 2 adrenoceptors in the ventromedial and rostral ventrolateral areas of…

Early repolarization pattern on ECG (early repolarization syndrome)

…in these two papers and the authors of this article decided to adopt the criteria from MacFarlane et al . However, the confusion actually extends beyond…

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