…Chest compressions in traumatic cardiac arrest In the context of cardiac tamponade, increased pressure within the pericardial sac impedes venous return to the right atrium…

…lead to confusion between LBBB and acute STEMI. In fact, studies have shown that LBBB is the most common cause of false activations of the…

…with advancing age. Presentations without pain may include: Sudden breathlessness Syncope or sudden loss of consciousness Confusion Profound weakness An arrhythmia Peripheral embolism An ot

…formula’s inclusion of “ 100” for Qp/Qs is likely a typo; standard practice uses the ratio directly (e.g., 2:1, not 200%). Conclusion…

…of myocardial infarction The Fourth Universal Definition separates MI into five principal types. Type Mechanism or setting Type 1 Acute atherothrombotic MI, usually related to…

…Impending muscle fatigue Respiratory rate above 25 to 30 per minute Increased risk of ventilatory failure New drowsiness, confusion or agitation Suspect hypoxaemia or hypercapnia…

…symptoms An inadequate supply of glucose to the brain can cause: difficulty concentrating irritability or abnormal behaviour slurred speech visual disturbance confusion focal neurological signs…

…target ScvO₂ 70–80 % A low value suggests inadequate oxygen delivery Capillary refill < 3 s Equivalent to lactate guided resuscitation in septic shock Haemoglobin…

…DW, Wickman LL, Swart GL. The hemodynamic and arterial blood gas response to asphyxiation: a canine model of pulseless electrical activity. Resuscitation 1995;30:16975…

…before a blood count is available. The nadir often occurs 7 to 14 days after a course of chemotherapy, but the timing varies considerably between…