…of myocardial infarction The Fourth Universal Definition separates MI into five principal types. Type Mechanism or setting Type 1 Acute atherothrombotic MI, usually related to…

…Contusio cordis Contusio cordis refers to a contusion of the myocardium, greater vessels or valves, due to a direct, non penetrating traumatic blow to the…

…Impending muscle fatigue Respiratory rate above 25 to 30 per minute Increased risk of ventilatory failure New drowsiness, confusion or agitation Suspect hypoxaemia or hypercapnia…

…symptoms An inadequate supply of glucose to the brain can cause: difficulty concentrating irritability or abnormal behaviour slurred speech visual disturbance confusion focal neurological signs…

…trial shortens the time on the ventilator. See the article on confusion for the management of delirium in intensive care. Renal replacement therapy Absolute indications:…

…DW, Wickman LL, Swart GL. The hemodynamic and arterial blood gas response to asphyxiation: a canine model of pulseless electrical activity. Resuscitation 1995;30:16975…

…before a blood count is available. The nadir often occurs 7 to 14 days after a course of chemotherapy, but the timing varies considerably between…

…balanced crystalloid in the first instance. Give small boluses, for example 250 to 500 mL, with immediate reassessment of the blood pressure, pulse, peripheral perfusion…

…benefit of its administration in these patients should be carefully balanced against the potential risks resulting from hypotension. • Withdrawal of clonidine may lead to rebound…

…two papers and the authors of this article decided to adopt the criteria from MacFarlane et al . However, the confusion actually extends beyond the ECG…