…can refine interpretation. Coronary plaque and future events Angiographic stenosis severity is an imperfect predictor of future myocardial infarction or sudden death. Lesions causing only…

…PH in the absence of CTEPH, lung disease, or another explanatory cause. PAH reflects marked pulmonary arterial remodelling, with fibroproliferative, plexogenic, and sometimes thrombotic changes…

…testing), and cardiac catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and GUCH Complex malformations often require intervention (surgical or catheter based intervention). In addition…

…and imaging technique. Coronary fistulae represent abnormal communications between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or vessel. Other congenital anomalies include anomalous origin of…

…up to 40 mm Hg in older and obese patients. References Baumgartner et al : Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE/ASE Recommendations for Clinical Practice…

…stenosis) requires intervention. Valve replacement can be performed with biological or mechanical prostheses. The former is preferred due to the lower risk of thrombosis and…

…quantify the ratio of pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs). This measurement is pivotal in diagnosing and managing congenital or acquired cardiac…

…X linked or other non autosomal dominant mechanisms. Complex or multifactorial genetic architecture. The inheritance pattern affects the appropriate scope and duration of family surveillance…

…congenital heart disease. Cardiomyopathy leads to impaired cardiac function and heart failure. There are six main types of cardiomyopathy: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) — This type of…

…blood tests and other radiological examinations are most often required, in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium…