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Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: Prognostic Use in Practice

…It is performed using a non contrast, electrocardiographically gated computed tomography (CT) scan. Image acquisition generally requires a single breath hold and does not require…

The Cardiac Electrical Axis: ECG Criteria, Definition, Clinical Implications

…be computed similarly using the six precordial leads, with a 0 degree value assigned along the lead axis of V6 [3]. Clinical Implications of Axis…

Coronary CT Angiography and CAD-RADS Reporting

…Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) is a non invasive anatomical examination that depicts the coronary arterial lumen, atherosclerotic plaque, and the severity and distribution of…

Physics of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET): Radiotracers, perfusion, blood flow and viability

…Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography), radiotracers emit gamma photons directly. These gamma rays are detected by gamma cameras to create tomographic images of the left…

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging With SPECT and PET

…infarction Definition and Clinical Purpose Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) is a radionuclide based…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…function occurring after exposure to iodinated contrast media, particularly during cardiovascular angiography, computed tomography, or percutaneous coronary intervention. The preferred terminology is contrast associated AKI…

Left Ventricular Segments for Echocardiography and Cardiac Imaging

…The repertoire of available methods includes echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), cardiac computed tomography (CT), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission computed tomography…

Principles of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET), coronary blood flow and flow reserve (CFR)

…is also influenced by sympathetic and parasympathetic influences; sympathetic stimulation leads to vasoconstriction through the release of norepinephrine, while parasympathetic activation can cause vasodilation via…

Exercise Electrocardiographic Testing: Indications, Limitations and Interpretation

…because coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and functional imaging have higher diagnostic performance. Its most consistent contemporary role is therefore the assessment of functional capacity…

Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium The pericardium consists of a parietal layer and a visceral…

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