…population screening test. It may also be considered in selected lower risk individuals with a family history of premature coronary artery disease. CAC findings incidentally…

…be computed similarly using the six precordial leads, with a 0 degree value assigned along the lead axis of V6 [3]. Clinical Implications of Axis…

…diagnosing CAD in stable patients with: Low clinical likelihood or no previous diagnosis of CAD Characteristics suggesting that good quality imaging is achievable It is…

…to regions with lower concentration, for reasons other than perfusion differences, making image interpretation more ambiguous. Table 1. Radiotracers used for SPECT imaging Thallium 201…

Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Clinical Purpose Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET…

…that of other forms of acute tubular necrosis, although the complication remains associated with post procedural morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology The precise mechanism of contrast…

…imaging Cardiovascular imaging modalities have developed rapidly in the past few decades. The repertoire of available methods includes echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), cardiac computed…

…in combination with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) to assess myocardial perfusion and blood flow. These imaging modalities are…

…because coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and functional imaging have higher diagnostic performance. Its most consistent contemporary role is therefore the assessment of functional capacity…

…in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium The pericardium consists of a parietal layer and a visceral…

…This means that ECG leads with similar angles must display similar ECG curves (diagrams). For some purposes (e.g. diagnosis of some arrhythmias) it is…

…the anticipated benefit–risk balance of revascularization. Coronary angiography remains primarily an anatomical examination, whereas contemporary decision making increasingly combines anatomical imaging with functional assessment…

…computers, etc) must also be ignored. The atrial lead is therefore set to record signals with an amplitude range of 1.5 to 5 mV…

…at clarifying the genesis of the mass. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI of the heart) and computed tomography (DT of the heart) are…

…coronary angiography with the intent to perform PCI. The decision to transfer the patient to the ICU or CCU depends on the system of care…

…instability. Fewer than 1% of patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who reach the catheterization laboratory are found to have complete LMCA occlusion, likely…

…ageing population, increased incidence and prevalence of cancer, heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and physical inactivity. The increased use of computed tomography (CT), and…

…of His, the impulse may be delivered to both bundle branches and subsequently the entire ventricular myocardium normally. This may yield a ventricular rhythm with…