…course at ecgwaves.com. This website provides a comprehensive learning ecosystem. It includes a complete ECG book, enriched with over 600 pages, engaging video lectures…

…CABG, or an initial medical strategy. In haemodynamically unstable patients, evaluation must also consider acute severe mitral regurgitation, mechanical complications, and ischaemia related ventricular failure…

Echocardiography The standard transthoracic echocardiographic examination This chapter presents a sequential series of images that comprise a complete standard echocardiographic examination. The image views are…

…Definition and pathophysiology A chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a complete or nearly complete coronary arterial obstruction that has persisted for at least 30 days…

Info The ECG shows AV block III (complete heart block). P waves are not related to QRS. PP interval is constant, but independent of RR…

…the QRS complexes. The QRS complexes may be normal or wide. P waves have constant PP interval and ride straight through the strip, without any…

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and cardiovascular rationale Smoking cessation is the complete discontinuation of tobacco smoking, with avoidance of second hand smoke and, where possible…

…Such a thrombus can cause occlusion of the artery. The occlusion may be complete or partial, depending on the size of the thrombus and the…

…is the first line treatment and must be given early when anaphylaxis is suspected. Do not wait for a complete diagnosis or for grading. Antihistamines…

…with uncontrolled ventricular rates Acquired advanced or complete heart block Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with severe resting gradient Recent stroke or transient ischemic attack Mental impairment…