Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology In acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD), revascularization may be directed exclusively at the…

Echocardiography The standard transthoracic echocardiographic examination This chapter presents a sequential series of images that comprise a complete standard echocardiographic examination. The image views are…

…course at ecgwaves.com. This website provides a comprehensive learning ecosystem. It includes a complete ECG book, enriched with over 600 pages, engaging video lectures…

Info The ECG shows AV block III (complete heart block). P waves are not related to QRS. PP interval is constant, but independent of RR…

…degree AV block. ECG examples are given in Figure 1 . Figure 1. Third degree AV block (complete heart block, AV dissociation). Figure 2. Example of…

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and cardiovascular rationale Smoking cessation is the complete discontinuation of tobacco smoking, with avoidance of second hand smoke and, where possible…

…Definition and pathophysiology A chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a complete or nearly complete coronary arterial obstruction that has persisted for at least 30 days…

…Study Figure 7 carefully, as it illustrates how the P wave and QRS complex are generated by the electrical vectors. Note that the first vector…

…the plasma glucose, a blood gas and an ECG all come before complete identification of the substance. Treatment of acute poisoning consists of four parallel…

…Sepsis is a dynamic condition. Investigation and treatment must therefore proceed in parallel and must not wait for complete diagnostic certainty. Sepsis is defined as…